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Surveillance programmes for documentation and control
These annual reports contain information on the official surveillance programmes for diseases in aquatic and terrestrial animals in Norway. These programmes are run by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority and are planned and coordinated by the Norwegian Veterinary Institute as part of the legislation for terrestrial and aquatic animal health and food in Norway regulated under the Norwegian Food Law.
The scientific documentation shows that Norway complies with legal commitments and the programmes contribute to decreasing the risk associated with trade of animals and animal products, secure food safety and are important for industries exporting aquatic and terrestrial animals and products.
Since 1994 Norway has had a free trade agreement (European Economic Area agreement or EEA) with the EU that has encompassed most of our veterinary legislation. This agreement includes Norway’s commitment to follow harmonised legislation concerning surveillance and control of animal diseases. The surveillance programmes in Norway are categorized into three categories according to their legal basis;
1. Programmes implementing EEA directives and regulations
Based on historic data, freedom of disease status has been approved by the EFTA Surveillance Authority (ESA) for Bovine brucellosis, Enzootic bovine leucosis (EBL), Brucellosis in small ruminants, Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS), Infectious haematopoietic necrosis (IHN), Bonamiosis, and Marteiliosis. The different surveillance programmes aim to maintain this status. Surveillance for bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle and scrapie in sheep and goats is performed according to the requirements of the EU regulations.
Norway has achieved additional guarantees for classical scrapie based on the ongoing surveillance and control programme as well as OIE (World Animal Health Organisation) negligible status for BSE. Programmes for Newcastle disease, Mycoplasma, and avian influenza and programmes for control of residues in live animals and animal products of ruminants and pigs are all run in accordance with EU-directives
2. Programmes related to additional guarantees within the EEA region
For diseases not regulated by common EEA rules, countries may apply for additional guarantees based on their documented status. In 1994, additional guarantees for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) in cattle and Aujeszky’s disease (AD) in pigs were granted to Norway. The favourable Salmonella situation in Norway was recognized by the ESA (EFTA Surveillance Authority) in 1994. The additional guarantees were based on the national surveillance and control programmes for cattle, pigs and poultry.
3. Other national surveillance and control programmes
Several diseases of great national significance are based solely on national legislation. Norwegian authorities and industries have for years cooperated to control and eradicate diseases such as bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) in cattle, and maedi in small ruminants.
Ongoing programmes for terrestrial and aquatic animals in 2007 (the year of initiation in parentheses)
| Animal category | Programmes according to EU-directives and regulations | Programmes approved by ESA | Other national surveillance and control programmes |
| Cattle | BSE (1998) Residual substances (1999) EBL (1994) Tuberculosis (2000) Brucellosis (2000) | IBR/IPV (1992) Salmonella (1995) | Paratuberculosis (1996) BVD (1992) |
| Swine | Residual substances (1999) | AD (1994) Salmonella (1995) | TGE (1995) PRRS (1995) Swine influenza (1997) |
| Small ruminants | Scrapie (1997) Brucellosis (2004) |
| Maedi (1997) E. coli (2006) |
| Poultry | Residual substances (1999) Newcastle disease Mycoplasma Salmonella (1995-breeding flocks) Campylobacter (2001) AI wild birds (2006) AI poultry (2005) | Salmonella (1995-96) | ILT (1997) ART (1997)
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| Farmed deer | Tuberculosis (2000) |
| CWD (2005) |
| Llama |
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| Paratuberculosis (2000) |
| Fish | VHS/IHN (1994) |
| Gyrodactylus salaris (2000) BKD (2006) |
| Shellfish | Bonamia/Marteilia (1995) |
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BSE=bovine spongiform encephalopathy, EBL=enzootic bovine leukosis, IBR=infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, IPV=infectious pustular vulvovaginitis, BVD=bovine virus diarrhoea, AD=Aujeszky’s disease, TGE=transmissible gastroenteritis, PRRS=porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, ILT=infectious laryngotracheitis, ART=avian rhinotracheitis, AI=avian influensa, HPAI=highly pathogenic avian influenza, CWD=chronic wasting disease, VHS=viral haemorrhagic septicaemia, IHN=infectious haematopoietic necrosis, BKD= Bacterial kidney disease.